Which set of quality management tools utilizes a statistical approach to minimize defects?

The correct answer is Six Sigma, which is a set of techniques and tools for process improvement that employs a statistical approach to minimize defects and variability in processes. Six Sigma aims for near perfection in manufacturing and business processes by identifying and removing the causes of defects and reducing variability. The methodology uses a disciplined, data-driven approach that includes various statistical tools, enabling organizations to follow a structured path to quality improvement, commonly framed within the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) process.

This structured approach is essential in addressing quality issues systematically, providing teams with the ability to analyze data to identify problems and implement solutions effectively. By focusing on measurable outcomes and statistical analysis, Six Sigma helps organizations achieve significant improvements in quality and efficiency, thus leading to higher customer satisfaction and reduced operational costs.