What is the primary focus of total quality management (TQM)?

Total quality management (TQM) is fundamentally centered on the ongoing enhancement of processes and practices to achieve high customer satisfaction. This approach integrates all members of an organization in improving processes, products, and services, thereby enhancing overall quality. The core idea of TQM is that a company can attain long-term success by focusing on its customers' needs and striving to exceed their expectations.

The emphasis on continuous improvement involves regularly assessing and refining processes to eliminate inefficiencies and defects, which ultimately enhances product quality. This practice encourages a culture where employees are motivated to suggest improvements and are involved in the quality management processes. When customers are satisfied, it fosters loyalty, repeat business, and positive word-of-mouth, all of which are beneficial for the company's success.

While other options touch upon important aspects of business practice—such as cost reduction, innovation, or regulatory compliance—they do not capture the essence of TQM as effectively as the focus on continuous improvement and customer satisfaction does. TQM specifically aligns organizational practices with customer needs, underscoring the importance of quality as a driver of business success.